Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization And Irrigation Scheme On Growth, Production And Metane (Ch4) Emissions In Paddy Rice Cultivation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55314/tsg.v4i5.596Keywords:
Padi, Irigasi, Pemupukan Nitrogen, Emisi Gas CH4Abstract
Pemanasan global yang ditandai dengan naiknya temperatur permukaan bumi disebabkan oleh kenaikan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca (GRK) seperti metana (CH4), karbondioksida (CO2), dan dinitrogen oksida (NO2) di atmosfer. Emisi gas metana telah banyak diteliti dan didapatkan bahwa budidaya padi sawah merupakan sumber utama dari emisi metana sektor pertanian. Indonesia sebagai negara dengan beras sebagai makanan pokok sangat perlu melakukan penelitian tentang emisi gas metana dari budidaya padi sawah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2021 sampai dengan Maret 2022 di sawah petani, Kecamatan Rawa Jitu Utara, Kabupaten Mesuji, Provinsi Lampung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh skema irigasi dan dosis pupuk yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil panen dan emisi gas CH4 dalam budidaya sawah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Skema irigasi sebagai faktor pertama dengan 2 taraf yaitu irigasi terputus (IR1) dan irigasi tergenang (IR2) sedangkan faktor nitrogen sebagai faktor kedua dengan 3 taraf yaitu 0 kg N/ha (N0), 50 kg N/ha (N50), 100 kg N/ha (N100. Variabel yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot gabah per rumpun, bobot gabah per petak percobaan, berat brangkasan dan emisi gas CH4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh tunggal perlakuan pemberian pupuk nitrogen menunjukkan pengaruh nyata pada variabel tinggi tanaman, bobot gabah per rumpun, produksi gabah kering panen (GKP) dan berat brangkasan. Perlakuan skema irigasi terputus dan pemberian pupuk nitrogen dosis 100 kg N/ha berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah anakan dan produksi gabah. Emisi gas metana mengikuti fase pertumbuhan tanaman, dosis pupuk N dan skema irigasi; secara umum perlakuan irigasi terputus menghasilkan emisi metana ( CH4) lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan irigasi tergenang.
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