PERAN DINAS KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN KONSERVASI PERAIRAN KOTA PADANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55314/tsg.v7i4.1149Keywords:
Peran Pemerintah, Kawasan Konservasi, Tata Kelola, Implementasi Kebijakan, Implementation Capacity Gap, Kota PadangAbstract
Pengelolaan kawasan konservasi perairan merupakan persoalan administrasi publik yang tidak hanya berkaitan dengan penetapan regulasi, tetapi juga dengan kapasitas pemerintah menerjemahkan kebijakan menjadi tindakan pengelolaan yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Sumatera Barat dalam pengelolaan kawasan konservasi perairan Kota Padang serta mengidentifikasi kendala pelaksanaannya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi dengan tiga informan yang dipilih secara purposive dari unsur pimpinan dan pejabat teknis bidang pengelolaan ruang laut dan konservasi. Analisis menggunakan lima dimensi peran pemerintah yaitu regulator, dinamisator, fasilitator, inovator, dan katalisator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima peran telah dijalankan, tetapi belum optimal. Temuan utama penelitian adalah adanya implementation capacity gap: instrumen regulasi, anggaran, program, dan pengawasan telah tersedia, tetapi belum sepenuhnya dapat dikonversi menjadi kepatuhan, pengawasan efektif, partisipasi masyarakat, dan hasil pengelolaan yang terukur. Kesenjangan tersebut dipengaruhi keterbatasan sarana-prasarana, SDM, penataan batas kawasan, jangkauan komunikasi, pengawasan aktivitas ilegal, serta data monitoring biofisik. Penelitian menegaskan bahwa efektivitas pengelolaan kawasan konservasi tidak cukup dicapai melalui penambahan instrumen kebijakan, tetapi membutuhkan penguatan kapasitas implementasi dan tata kelola kolaboratif.
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